Everything about Rockville Maryland totally explained
Rockville is the
county seat of
Montgomery County, Maryland,
United States. According to the 2006 census update, the city had a total population of 59,114, making it the second largest city in
Maryland.
History
Situated in
Piedmont region and crossed by three
creeks (
Rock Creek, Cabin John Creek, and Watts Branch), Rockville provided an excellent refuge for semi-
nomadic Native Americans as early as 8000 BC. By the
first millennium BC, a few of these groups had settled down into year-round
agricultural communities that exploited the native flora, including
sunflowers and marsh elder. By AD 1200, these early groups (dubbed
Montgomery Indians by later
archaeologists) were increasingly drawn into conflict with the
Senecas and
Susquehannocks who had migrated south from
Pennsylvania and
New York. Within the present-day boundaries of the city, six prehistoric sites have been uncovered and documented, and borne artifacts several thousand years old. By the year 1700, under pressure from
European colonists, the majority of these original inhabitants had been driven away.
The first land
patents in the Rockville area were obtained by Arthur Nelson between 1717 and 1735. Within three decades, the first permanent buildings in what would become the center of Rockville were established on this land. Still a part of
Prince George's County at this time, the growth of Daniel Dulaney's
Frederick Town prompted the separation of the western portion of the county, including Rockville, into
Frederick County in 1748.
Being a small, unincorporated town, early Rockville was known by a variety of names, including
Owen's Ordinary,
Hungerford's Tavern, and
Daley's Tavern. The first recorded mention of the settlement which would later become known as Rockville dates to the
Braddock Expedition in 1755. On April 14, one of the approximately two thousand men who were accompanying General
Edward Braddock through wrote the following: "we marched to larance Owings or Owings Oardianary, a Single House, it being 18
miles and very dirty." Owen's Ordinary was a small rest stop on Rock Creek Main Road (later the
Rockville Pike), which stretched from
George Town to
Frederick Town, and was then one of the largest thoroughfares in the colony of Maryland.
On
September 6,
1776, the
Maryland Constitutional Convention agreed to a proposal introduced by Dr. Thomas Sprigg Wootton wherein Frederick County, the largest and most populous county in Maryland, would be divided into three smaller units. The southern portion of the county, of which Rockville was a part, was named Montgomery County. The most populous and prosperous urban center in this new county was George Town, but its location at the far southern edge rendered it worthless as a seat of local government. Rockville, a small, but centrally located and well travelled town, was chosen as the seat of the county's government. Thereafter, the village was referred to by all as
Montgomery Court House.
In 1784, William Prather Williams, a local landowner, hired a surveyor to lay out much of the town. In his honor, many took to calling the town
Williamsburgh. In practice, however, Williamsburgh and Montgomery Court House were used interchangeably. On
July 16,
1803, when the area was officially entered into the county land records, however, the name used was "Rockville," believed to be derived from Rock Creek. Nevertheless, the name Montgomery Court House continued to appear on maps and other documents through the 1820s.
By petition of Rockville's citizens, the
Maryland General Assembly incorporated the village on
March 10,
1860. During the
American Civil War, General
George B. McClellan stayed at the Beall Dawson house in 1862. In addition, General
J.E.B. Stuart and an army of 8,000
Confederate cavalrymen marched through and occupied Rockville on
June 28,
1863 while on their way to
Gettysburg and stayed at the Prettyman house.
Jubal Anderson Early had also crossed through Maryland, on his way to and from his attack on Washington.
In 1873, the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad arrived, making Rockville easily accessible from
Washington, D.C. In July 1891, the
Tennallytown and Rockville Railway inaugurated Rockville's first
trolley service connecting to the
Georgetown and Tennallytown Railway terminus at Western Avenue and Wisconsin Avenue.
This provided service from Georgetown to Rockville, connecting Rockville to Washington, D.C. by trolley. Trolley service operated for four decades, until, eclipsed by the growing popularity of the
automobile, service was halted in August 1935. The
Blue Ridge Transportation Company provided bus service for Rockville and Montgomery County from 1924 through 1955. After 1955, Rockville wouldn't see a concerted effort to develop a
public transportation infrastructure until the 1970s, when the
Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) began work to extend the
Washington Metro into Rockville and extended Metrobus service into Montgomery County. The
Rockville station of Washington Metro began service on
July 25,
1984, and the
Twinbrook station began service on
December 15,
1984. Metrobus service was supplemented by Montgomery County's own
Ride On bus service starting in 1979.
MARC, Maryland's Rail Commuter service, serves Rockville with its Brunswick line. From Rockville MARC provides service to
Union Station in Washington D.C. (southbound) and,
Frederick and
Martinsburg, WV (northbound), as well as intermediate points.
Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides service from Rockville to
Chicago and
Washington D.C.
From the 1960s, Rockville's town center, formerly one of the area's commercial centers, suffered from a period of decline. Attempts to revitalize interest in the region culminated in the unsuccessful
Rockville Mall, which failed to attract either major
retailers or customers and which was demolished in
1994. Although efforts to restore the town center continue, the majority of the city's economic activity has since relocated along
Rockville Pike (MD Route 355/Wisconsin Avenue). In 2004, Rockville Mayor
Larry Giammo announced plans to renovate the Rockville Town Square, including building new stores and housing and relocating the city's library. In the past year, the new Rockville Town Square has been transformed and includes a number of boutique-like stores, chain restaurants, and apartment complexes.
The city is closely associated with the neighboring towns of
Kensington and the unincorporated
census-designated place,
North Bethesda. The
Music Center at Strathmore, an arts and theater center, opened in February 2005 in the latter of these two areas and is presently the second home of the
Baltimore Symphony Orchestra.
Notable
The grave site of
F. Scott Fitzgerald is located at St. Mary's Church, in the center of Rockville, and there's a small theater next to
Glenview Mansion in the Civic Center Park named after him.
In
November 2007, the new
Rockville Town Center
was unveiled.
The United States Public Health Service headquarters office buildings are in South Rockville. Rockville is also home to the
National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma.
The
U.S. Food and Drug Administration is located in Rockville.
Geography
Rockville is located at 39°5'1" North, 77°8'54" West (39.083708, -77.148226), in the approximate center of Montgomery County.
According to the
United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.4
square miles (34.8
km²), of which, 13.4 square miles (34.8 km²) of it's land and it contains no major bodies of water.
Demographics
As of the 2003
census update, there are 52,375 people and 19,895 households living within the boundaries of the city. These figures are an increase from the earlier 2000 census, which cited a total population of 47,388 people, 17,247 households, and 12,003 families residing in the city.
The
population density is 3,524.1 people per square mile (1,360.3/km²). There are 17,786 housing units at an average density of 1,322.7/sq mi (510.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city is 67.78%
White, 9.11%
African American, 0.34%
Native American, 14.83%
Asian, 0.03%
Pacific Islander, 4.78% from
other races, and 3.13% from two or more races. 11.67% of the population are
Hispanic or
Latino of any race.
In addition to
North Potomac, MD with a 27.59% Asian population and
Potomac, MD with close to 15%, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, Rockville is home to one of the largest Chinese communities in Maryland. According to the U.S. Census conducted in 2000, 14.5% of North Potomac's residents identified themselves as being of Chinese ancestry, making North Potomac the area with the highest percentage of Chinese ancestry in any place besides California and Hawaii. Due to the obscure definition as well as the ambiguous and complex nature in the Chinese versus Taiwanese identity issue, the percentage of North Potomac with Chinese ancestry may be higher since 27.59% was reported to have Asian ancestry according to the 2000 U.S. Census Bureau. According to the Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) enrollment demographic statistics, the two high schools in Montgomery County with the highest reported Asian ancestry are
Thomas S. Wootton High School in Rockville, MD with a 32.1% Asian population and caters to the communities in North Potomac, Rockville, and Potomac, MD, and
Winston Churchill High School in Potomac, MD with a 23.0% Asian population . Although North Potomac and Potomac have the highest concentration of Asian population in Maryland, the areas are largely residential and consist of suburban subdivisions. Thus, the more commercially favorable Rockville has become the center for Chinese/Taiwanese businesses since it's the county seat of Montgomery County and has large economic activity along Rockville Pike/Wisconsin Avenue (MD Route 355) in addition to having its own middle class and upscale residential areas. Rockville is widely considered to be a "Little Taipei" due to the area's high concentration of Taiwanese immigrants.
Rockville is also the center of the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area's
Jewish population, containing several synagogues,
kosher restaurants, and the largest of the Washington area's three Jewish community centers, part of a complex which includes a Jewish nursing home, day school, theater, and educational facility. There are also high percentages of Jewish population in the surrounding areas of North Potomac and Potomac, which are largely residential and not as commercially suitable as Rockville. The city also has large Korean and Indian populations.
There are 17,247 households, of which 33.0% have children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% are
married couples living together, 9.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 30.4% are non-families. 23.8% of all households are made up of individuals and 8.9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.65 and the average family size is 3.13.
In the city the population is spread out with 23.4% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 38 years. For every 100 females there are 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 92.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city as of 2003 is $73,275. As of 2000, the median income for a family was $79,051. Males have a median income of $53,764 versus $38,788 for females. The
per capita income for the city is $30,518. 7.8% of the population and 5.6% of families are below the
poverty line. Out of the total population, 8.9% of those under the age of 18 and 7.9% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
Sports
Government
Rockville has a council-manager form of government.
Mayor
The current Mayor of Rockville is
Susan Hoffmann. She took office on November 18, 2007. Previous mayors include:
Larry Giammo (2001-2007)
Rose Krasnow (1995-2001)
James Coyle (1993-1995)
Douglas M. Duncan (1987-1993)
Steven Van Grack (1985-1987)
Representative body
Rockville has a four-member City Council, whose members, along with the Mayor, serve as the legislative body of the city. The Council members for the 2007 to 2009 session are John B. Britton, Piotr (Peter) Gajewski, Phyllis Marcuccio, and Anne Robbins.
Departments and offices
The city manager oversees the following departments:
Community Planning and Development Services
Finance
Human Resources
Information and Technology
Police
Public Works
Recreation and Parks
Law Enforcement
The city is serviced by the Rockville City Police Department and is aided by the Montgomery County Police Department as directed by authority.
Education
Rockville is served by Montgomery County Public Schools.
Institutions of higher education in Rockville include Montgomery College (Rockville Campus), University of Maryland University College (main campus is in Adelphi, Maryland), and Johns Hopkins University (Montgomery County Campus); main campus is in Baltimore, Maryland).
Transportation
Railways
The Red Line of the Washington metro rail system services the Rockville station and Twinbrook station. The Rockville station is located at Hungerford Drive near Park Avenue. The Twinbrook station is located near Rockville Pike and Halpine Road with entrances on Chapman Avenue.
At the same location as the Rockville metro station is Rockville Station on the Brunswick Line of the MARC commuter rail system, which runs to and from Washington, DC.
Amtrak, the national passenger rail system, provides intercity train service to Rockville. The city's passenger rail station is located at 251 Hungerford Drive (at Park Road), ZIP code 20850; this is also the location of the MARC station described above.
Amtrak Train 29, the westbound Capitol Limited, is scheduled to depart Rockville daily with service to Pittsburgh and overnight service to Chicago.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Rockville Maryland'.
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